Over the course of the past couple of weeks I have pored through the tome known as “The Sui Dynasty: The Unification of China” (henceforth referred to in the shorthand as Unification) and now I have the pleasure and honor of reviewing it. The purpose of Unification is to inform a western audience the importance of the Sui Dynasty to the development of Chinese history and culture. The author accomplishes this by first describing in detail the geographic, social, political, and cultural environments in which Yang Chien, the founder of the Sui was born into. After having done that, he proceeded to present us with the biography of Yang Chien, the first Sui Emperor, discussing at length his upbringing, and his rise to power, while interspersing information about the religious and cultural things that influenced his style of ruling. This of course segues into the exact methods that Yang Chien used to unify China; his court policies regarding religion, his political innovations, and his conquest of the southern lands. Finally, the death of Yang Chien, the reign of his son, the fall of the Sui, the rise of the Tang, and the eventual legacy of the former Dynasty are all laid out.
One of the very first thing I noted when I opened its pages for the first time was that the author went to great lengths to make it easier for a dumb westerner such as myself to understand the information he presented. When I read that China at the time of the Sui was “as far as New York to the Rockies, east and west,” and “as far from Philadelphia to Havana, north and south,” I quite literally felt a tangible map of North America embrace my mind as a massive triangle drew itself across the landscape, thus giving me the distinct feeling that he was talking about a massive region. Throughout the first half of the book he keeps fairly consistent with the habit of making such analogies, but sadly these all but disappeared by chapter 3.
The second thing I noticed is his meticulous attention to details. Any given subject, such as the precise political maneuvering that Yang Chien used to reunify China, is described in no less than 5-10 pages. The inclusion of such a high level of detail is helpful in driving the author’s thesis across the range, but in many places there is so much information that it comes across as “padding” meant for the sole purpose of increasing the page count. The book first makes a statement, and then piles up redundant information in gobs making me want to shout “yes, we get it already, get to the point”. The first two chapters just drag on for what seems like forever, making it very boring and trite to read. The second half of the third chapter talks about how Yang Chien was influenced by three main people (The Empress, Yang Su, and Kao Chiung), but instead of being concise and brief, he drags it on by going into each and every one of their personal lives in agonizing detail; how much do we really need to know in order to understand that these people were influential, and how much of their personal life is really relevant to the unification of China? Another thing that grated me was the fact that, in the chapter Reunification, he repeats the same story as chapter three, only the second time around he also pads it down by repeating what was said in chapter one, in even more painfully long walls of text.
Furthermore, the information, though highly detailed, is ironically missing very many crucial elements that would give me, as a reader, a better sense about what he is trying to say. More specifically, I refer to his apparent disdain for using proper nouns, which greatly obfuscates the meaning of the passages. I cite page 57 chapter 3 where I very briefly believed that Yang Chien had died before he could unify China, because he failed to use a proper noun; instead he used a less sensible generic term “capable leader”, which at that point could have meant either Yang Chien, or the emperor he was serving at the time (turns out it was the emperor). Secondly, he often will use confusing speech or obscure metaphors to say something that could easily have been stated with conventional terms. As an example of this, in the very same chapter, he refers to the death of the child emperor as happening “at the will of the Sui” (Wright p. 63); I had to go online to find out he meant “he was executed”, because that could easily have meant “the gods that favor the Sui willed him to get sick and die”. The use of proper nouns would really have eliminated a lot of the confusion and would have made it so that I didn’t have to spend 2 hours reading a single page trying to figure out exactly whom the heck he’s talking about.
Overall it does its job of presenting information, but it could really stand to be organized better, be trimmed down a little bit and given a better sense of clarity. Being descriptive is good, but there is in fact such a thing as too much information; once you’ve hit the nail on the head, there is no need to take a jackhammer to it. Further, the more information you have the more important keeping it organized becomes; with this much information, the lack of organization; going back and forth in time and moving from place to place without a warning is very confusing, especially when you use so much detail. Finally, being clear at all times will make a book easier to read, otherwise it becomes a chore. It was like being thrown into a room with a trillion unlabeled mechanical parts jumbled together in a cardboard box, and told that I was somehow supposed to construct a clockwork monkey with no instruction manual; oh, yes, additionally, I would have been blindfolded and force-fed a bottle of Everclear.
Unification appears to be lacking in bias. Wright has a very balanced viewpoint with regards to the various cultures and kingdoms represented within China. He doesn’t overly demonize anyone nor does he try to canonize the Sui people. Furthermore, rather than trying to make Yang Chien into some kind of godlike folk hero, he presents him as a balanced (in the yin yang sense, not necessarily the mentally stable sense) human being, who was “devoted to his wife” and at the same time “had little affection for his sons”. Yang Chien was a ruler who would kill an advisor for questioning him, then feel remorse about at and become angry with his other advisors for not questioning his decision to kill the first advisor. His son, the second emperor, however, is portrayed as a complete and total dick; though to be fair I have in fact looked at other resources on him and have determined that such an assessment is actually justified.
On and ending note, I would like to make it a point to acknowledge my own bias so as to not prevent anyone from trying the book out for themselves; if you are like me with a combination of restless leg syndrome, only having a bloody week to read and critique the book, and A.D.D., and can’t stand being smote with redundant information, avoid it, but if you can sit still for ten hours at a time reading the same facts over and over again, then this book is for you. If a lot of information is what you’re looking for, Unification delivers; just don’t expect the information you want to be easy to find; for that you’d best check wikipedia instead.